Ultrasound

Ultrasound is sound with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing, approximately 20 kilohertz (20,000 hertz).Some animals, such as dogs, dolphins, bats, and mice have an upper limit that is greater than that of the human ear and thus can hear ultrasound..

Medical ultrasonography

Medical ultrasonography (sonography) is an ultrasound-based diagnostic imaging technique used to visualize muscles and internal organs, their size, structure and any pathological lesions, making them useful for scanning the organs.

Obstetric sonography is commonly used during pregnancy..

Uterine fibroids

Uterine fibroids (leiomyomata, singular leiomyoma) are the most common neoplasm in females, and may affect about 25 % of white and 50% of black women during the reproductive years.

Fibroids may be removed simply by means of a hysterectomy, but much more favourably by a myomectomy or by uterine artery embolization, which preserve the uterus.

Fibroids, particularly when small, may be entirely asymptomatic.

Generally, symptoms relate to the location of the lesion and its size.

Important symptoms include abnormal gynecologic hemorrhage, pain, urinary frequency or retention, and in some cases, infertility.

During pregnancy they may be the cause of miscarriage, bleeding, premature labor, or interference with the position of the fetus.

Very few lesions are or become malignant.

Signs that a fibroid may be malignant are rapid growth or growth after menopause..

Echocardiography

The echocardiogram is an ultrasound of the heart.

Using standard ultrasound techniques, two-dimensional slices of the heart can be imaged.

The latest ultrasound systems now employ 3D real-time imaging..

Acoustics

Acoustics is the branch of physics concerned with the study of sound (mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids).

A scientist who works in the field of acoustics is an acoustician.

The application of acoustics in technology is called acoustical engineering.

There is often much overlap and interaction between the interests of acousticians and acoustical engineers.

Acoustics is the science concerned with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of sound.

Its origins began with the study of mechanical vibrations and the radiation of these vibrations through mechanical waves, and still continues today.

Research was done to look into the many aspects of the fundamental physical processes involved in waves and sound and into possible applications of these processes in modern life.

The study of sound waves also lead to physical principles that can be applied to the study of all waves. Applications of acoustic technology include music and the study of geologic, atmospheric, and underwater phenomena.

Psychoacoustics, the study of the physical effects of sound on biological systems, has been of interest since Pythagoras first heard the sounds of vibrating strings and of hammers hitting anvils in the 6th century BC, but the application of modern ultrasonic technology has only recently provided some of the most exciting developments in medicine.

The ear itself is another biological instrument dedicated to receiving certain wave vibrations and interpreting them as sound..

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